Bitlocker for Linux (Dislocker -> Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix)

I regularly consolidate my disk drives to higher capacities as they are available to reduce the complexity managing many controllers, so I’ll often have to wipe the drives before I sell them (trade up). Often they are sold at very little moment’s notice, sanitizing the data might take too long. I learned that if I encrypt my data drives, I don’t really have to do much other than just clearing out the partition before I sell them, and there’s little performance penalty for Bitlocker in modern hardware.

Right now dislocker (Linux version of bitlocker) does not have a GUI to automatically unlock and mount the encrypted drives. Here’s the script that has the form “BL_{drive name}.sh” that will unencrypt the device and mount it and at the same time creating the script in the same folder to unwind (unmount & lock) the drive.

#!/bin/bash

# Extracting partition name from file name (BL_*.sh)
FN_base="$(basename -- $0)"
FN_bare="${FN_base%.*}"
partition=${FN_bare/BL_/}

# TODO: Check with /dev to make sure it's legit
echo $partition
dev_partition="/dev/$partition"

# Unlock the device into a raw image 'file'
path_raw="/media/dislocker/raw_$partition"
sudo mkdir -p $path_raw

file_raw="$path_raw/dislocker-file"
sudo dislocker $dev_partition -u -- $path_raw

# Mount the image file as a disk
path_mount="/media/dislocker/mount_$partition"
sudo mkdir -p $path_mount

sudo mount -o loop $file_raw $path_mount

# Build wind down file
script_unwind="unwind_$partition.sh"
# Leave /media/dislocker there for isolation
echo "#!/bin/bash"             > $script_unwind
echo "sudo umount $path_mount">> $script_unwind
echo "sudo rmdir $path_mount" >> $script_unwind
# Note that the website is wrong. umount the path, not the dislocker-file
echo "sudo umount $path_raw"  >> $script_unwind
echo "sudo rmdir $path_raw"   >> $script_unwind
# Make sure the "$0" is literal including the $ sign or it will
# delete this file instead of the unwind_sd*.sh file
echo "sudo rm -- \"\$0\""     >> $script_unwind
chmod +x $script_unwind


There are reports that newer zuluCrypt can now do bitlocker volumes. Will get back to that later.

I tried to get zuluCrypt on Linux Mint and ran into a few quirks

  • They claim zuluCrypt after 5.7.1 and above supports Bitlocker
  • Linux Mint 20.1 (Ulyssa)’s package repositories are conservative. It only supports up to zuluCrypt 5.7 when 6.0 is out
  • Zulucrypt’s website says you still need dislocker backend for zuluCrypt use Bitlocker
  • Nonetheless after these requirements are done, I cannot unlock a Bitlocker drive. The error message says it’s ‘missing a parameter’. What parameter?
  • I figured that the Bitlocker malfunction might be solved with 6.0 so I tried to download the .deb files from zulucrypt’s website for 6.0. It’s missing a bunch of dependencies that are NOT SATISFIABLE, including a libqt5 dependency that’s nowhere to be found. I found the .deb file yet there’s a chain of dependencies that also cannot be found
  • I tried to get the cryptsetup (LUKS) referred by Zulycrypt’s website but it has its down dependencies problem
  • So to install zulycrypt 6.0, I have no easy option other than moving to Ubuntu.
  • I chose Mint because Ubuntu’s UI defaults are annoying to Windows users from my previous experiences, the glitches and a lot of missing options in their default GUI programs frustrates me.
  • So I wondered if I can install Cinnamon (Mint’s core interface) on Ubuntu so I can get the latest and the greatest packages without waiting for the authority of Linux Mint to implement them.

Turns out there’s already a linux distro that’s uses Cinnamon on Ubuntu by default! It’s called “Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix“! Even better, after I’ve installed it, I realized I don’t have to muck with the dislocker/zulucrypt/cryptsetup/LUKS shit at all! Bitlocker just work right out of the box! When you click on the Bitlocker encrypted volume, it will prompt you for the password and that’s it!

FULL DISK ENCRYPTION IS BUILT IN Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix 20.04!

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General Linux Setup Notes

Install these:

  • Putty (or remember to use ssh -l loginName)
  • Install freerdp-x11 before installing KRDC (Remote desktop client)

Foobar2000 requires snapd to install. It doesn’t have a GUI package manager (either use “sudo snap install” or use Snap Store to find the app and click ‘Install’ directly from there)

There’s a chicken-and-egg problem with snap store though. On Linux Mint, snap-store needs to be installed with command line before the button on the web page works correctly. So there’s no way around doing this command line once: “sudo snap install snap-store”

You’d be better off just doing “sudo snap install foobar2000” if you are not going to use SnapCraft store again later. Alternatively, use DeadBeef.

My other favorite Windows app Notepad++ is also on snap store. Unfortunately, these are both Wine applications that Cinnamon doesn’t scale them properly with HiDPI mode. I’ll use NotepadQQ instead.

It’s a pain in the butt to deal with snap store because it won’t automatically create shorcuts on the panel or desktop. Then you cannot directly run it in the command line either because the apps are install under /snap/bin and it’s not in the path either! Add it in /etc/environment and RE-LOGIN!

There are websites that teaches you to extend the path in /etc/profile.  It’s not necessary if you did /etc/environment already. Doing both will have the path added twice!

Finally, the icons files are hidden in: /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications and the panel icons can be anebled by linking the .desktop folders:

sudo ln -s /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/ /usr/share/applications/snap 

Geeze! A windows program this broken these days are not the norm. They never work right out of the box for the most natural and common use cases!


Only Evolution Mail Client supports Google accounts from GNOME online account services. Install Evolution first before adding accounts or they will be called “Unnamed” and there’s no way to change it until you remove the account and re-add.

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Input Methods (IME) in Linux: Fcitx

IBus is considered as retiring, but it’s still the default in MX Linux. Because the only Cantonese IME in Linux that allows me to swear is Andrew Choi’s CAP, which runs on fcitx, I settled for fcitx as my default IME engine.

Languages

  • Cantonese: Download the debian package for CAP
  • Japanese: Mozc is already installed
  • Simplified Chinese: Pinyin is already installed

Shortcuts (Very much like Windows):

  • Ctrl + Space: turn it on/off
  • Ctrl + Shift: switch between languages
  • Shift: in and out of temporary English mode (inactivate) within the language

I’ve moved the contents of setting Fcitx CAP to this page as the release fcitx5 turned this already tricky process into a maze.

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Linux Mint Setup Notes

Open Keyboard settings and add application/custom shortcuts:


Thunar file manager has the location/address shown as buttons. Use shortcut Ctrl+L to enable typing.

To move along GUI tabs, use Ctrl+PageUp/Down in Linux instead of Ctrl+(Shift)+Tab in Windows.

To expand/contract GUI trees, use Shift+Left/Right instead of simply Left/Right in Windows


 

Most Linux come with Samba Client (smbclient) installed that allows you to access Windows shares, the Samba Server is typically not installed by default, therefore you will need to do more work to share Linux folders with Windows. Here are the tools for a more complete experience:

  • Smb4k for viewing network shares (or use smbtree)
  • Nemo-share enables right-click to share in Cinnamon’s default file manager (nemo)

For some reason, after installing and uninstalling samba and smbclient a few times, Linux Mint stopped connecting to Windows computer (yet other SMB running MX linux can be accessed fine), despite this worked fine out of the box.

Turns out it’s this flaw (not in MX linux) that it cannot negotiate with newer SMB versions that might have been addressed but it can stuck being unable to negotiate with Windows 7 (it has SMB1 and SMB2 enabled) under certain conditions. After placing “client max protocol = NT1” in smb.conf and reboot, it worked, then I removed the line and reboot and it still worked afterwards. Weird!


Linux Mint 19 also does not resolve local hostnames from DNS right out of the box (also the live CD boot) because it came with systemd-resolve which does not handle local hostnames resolution right away.

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MX Linux 18 setup notes

I tried Ubuntu on my old laptop, but it was unbearably much slower than that Windows 7 so I was looking for lightweight options. After some shopping, I settled on MX Linux as the drivers worked right of out the box for the hardware and it gave me the best user experience so far.

Other than responsiveness, the deciding factor that moves me away from Ubuntu is the amount work required to get the basic things working out of the box. Internationalization is almost fully configured in MX Linux, while I had to jump a few hoops to get the VL Gothic (Japanese) font in and struggled to get the IME to switch using Ctrl+Space / Ctrl+Shift (or any default shortcut keys) like in Windows. In MX Linux, they are the defaults right away.

I was really turned off by the fact that Ubuntu’s (minimal install) default Archive Manager is half-working out of the box: I get weird errors and partial success extracting RAR files because unrar was not installed by default! It just showed the lack of consideration about user experience.


MX Linux defaults to ibus, which works right out of the box with mozc (Japanese) language support. But I’d like to have a Cantonese IME that allows me to swear (the ibus-table-cantonese package was censored), so I opted for Andrew Choi’s CAP, which runs on fcitx. He used to have an iBus version, but it was a decade ago and I couldn’t get it to install.

Turns out it’s not that MX Linux is not that prepared when you want to use Fctix. None of the languages shows up when I tried to add an IME! After a lot of googling, I realized it requires im-config, and you need to install zenity before installing im-config!

After that fcitx works like a charm: mozc, CAP works in harmony, and I can turn the IME on/off by Ctrl+Space and switch between IMEs using Ctrl+Shift (just like in the old days)


EDIT: After all the praise I have on MX Linux. I noticed it overlooked something very basic! It does not make you configure timezone during setup and it’s not easy to change it! To do it the GUI way, first you have to go to “MX Time Settings”, and you have to type in the EXACT timezone string (TZ database name)! Geeze! It’s so caveman that we still have to do this in 2019!!

How did I noticed that I forgot to change the timezone? I realized the time in my Windows keeps getting changed (suspiciously a time-zone offset like difference) after I booted into MX Linux and boot back to Windows. That’s insidious!

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